Volume 2, Issue 5 July 2002

2002
May/June
April
Feb/March
January

2001
Nov/Dec
Sept/Oct
July/Aug

1963-64: The invention of the mouse by Douglas Engelbart (EE, '55) by David Pescovitz Doug Engelbart demonstrates the future of computing in this videoconference screen-grab from his historical 1968 presentation. (Click for larger image.) Photo courtesy Bootstrap Alliance Each time you click your mouse, you're paying homage to a UC Berkeley College of Engineering alumnus. Douglas Carl Engelbart, who received his PhD in electrical engineering in 1955, not only invented the mouse but helped define the way in which we interact with personal computers to this day—from multiple windows to hypertext links. Born in 1925 on a farmstead near Portland, Oregon, Engelbart studied electrical engineering at Oregon State University and served in the Navy as a radar technician before completing his degree. While working at what is now NASA Ames, Engelbart experienced an epiphany driving to work. According to his Web site, Engelbart envisioned "people sitting in front of cathode-ray-tube displays, 'flying around' in an information space where they could formulate and portray their concepts in ways that could better harness sensory, perceptual and cognitive capabilities heretofore gone untapped. Then they would communicate and communally organize their ideas with incredible speed and flexibility." Engelbart brought his vision to UC Berkeley where one of the first general-purpose digital computers, the CalDiC, was under development. After completing his PhD and a brief stint as an assistant professor in the College of Engineering, Engelbart took a position at the Stanford Research Institute. It was there that he wrote his seminal 1962 paper "Augmenting Human Intellect: A Conceptual Framework." The first mouse was carved from wood and tracked motion via two wheels mounted on the bottom instead of the ball employed in today's models. (Click for larger image.) Photo courtesy Bootstrap Alliance At his Augmentation Research Center, funded by the Department of Defense's Advanced Research Projects Agency (now DARPA) Engelbart and his talented team of researchers developed the technologies necessary to realize their leader's vision. One of the myriad research projects included an evaluation of various available "screen selection" devices, lightpens and their ilk, that would dovetail with new forms of networked computer interaction. One approach Engelbert tossed into the mix was an idea for a device he had batted around for several years. His trusted collaborator Bill English built the first model out of wood and the team collectively began calling it the "mouse" because of its resemblance to a rodent. As the experiments continued, the mouse trounced the other devices in terms of usability. (A knee-operated mouse didn't make the grade.) How has the mouse transformed the user experience and the development of today's personal computer? We want to hear from you... In 1967, Engelbart's research lab became the second node on the ARPANet, the predecessor to the Internet. This enabled the group to further develop their On-Line System (NLS), the first collaborative and integrated digital environment. The following year, at the Fall Joint Computer Conference in San Francisco, Engelbart and his colleagues borrowed an early video projector and operated their NLS via a homebrew modem and experimental videoconference links to demonstrate their "augmentation framework." The team's "mother of all demos" received a standing ovation and introduced the world to the future of computing. Today, Engelbart lives in the Silicon Valley where he directs a technology thinktank called the Bootstrap Alliance, dedicated to the core idea that informed, and continues to permeate, all of his work: "Purposefully investing in improving organizational collective IQ through intelligent improvement strategies promises to yield compound returns. In simple words, the better we get at our collective IQ, the better we'd get at improving our collective IQ." Bootstrap Alliance MouseSite Lab Notes is published online by the Public Affairs Office of the UC Berkeley College of Engineering. The Lab Notes mission is to illuminate groundbreaking research underway today at the College of Engineering that will dramatically change our lives tomorrow. Editor, Director of Public Affairs: Teresa Moore Writer, Researcher: David Pescovitz Designer: Robyn Altman Subscribe or send comments to the Engineering Public Affairs Office: lab-notes@coe.berkeley.edu. © 2002 UC Regents. Updated 6/20/02.